X-ray Diffraction : XRD

Principle

When X-rays are incident on a crystal in which atoms arranged regularly, an interference pattern of the waves present in an incident beam of X rays appears (Bragg’s law). X-ray diffraction can be used to identify crystalline compounds and to determine the crystal structure of compounds. It can also be used to evaluate the crystallite size, the distribution of the crystal orientation in the material, and the residual stress on the crystals.